Sentence frames provide students with a mental model for constructing sentences using newly acquired vocabulary, content and concepts. Teachers in every classroom can use sentence frames to scaffold instruction, jump start student writing and formatively assess learning. Sentence frames are especially helpful in building the vocabulary and language skills of ELLs & LEPs because they provide clear a clear model of appropriate sentence structure and context rich language to help students make meaningful connections. In order to write, student must have an idea to write, the appropriate words to write it, and a suitable structure in which to express it. Sentence frames help students master the various kinds of language structures in which to express ideas clearly. The table below provides sentence frames and related transitions for use in the classroom. McCracken, R. A., & McCracken, M. J. (1987). Stories, Songs, and Poetry to Teach Reading and Writing: Literacy through Language. Winnipeg: Peguis.
Relationship or
Connection
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Sentence Frame
Examples
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Transitions
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Describe
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The ________ has____, and___________.
How does the _________?
Why did/didn’t the _____________?
__________is located (prepositional
phrase)the ____.
The _________are usually _________.
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For example, For instance, In support of
this, In fact, As evidence
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Argument
Agree or Disagree
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I don’t think the evidence supports_________
because__________________________.
I don’t agree with that statement because
____________________________.
As we just saw in the experiment,
____________
does _____________ due to _______________.
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I realize you
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Believe
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But
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I understand you
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Feel
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Yet
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Even though you
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Maintain
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However
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Although you
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Want
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I doubt
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Some people
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Favor
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I question
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It may be that you
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Support
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Let me explain
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On the contrary
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Argue
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On the other hand
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Cite information
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Here we see that____________________.
The data shows that_______________.
The (author/text) reveals
that_____________.
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As evidence, I notice
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Estimate
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Looking at the ___________________, I
think there are_______________.
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Approximately, About, Roughly,
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Retell
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First, _____________, next__________, and
then___________.
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as has been noted, in other words, indeed,
as I have said, in short, on the whole, for example, in sum, to be sure,
for instance, in brief, to sum up,
in fact, in any event
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Hypothesize &
Make predictions
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I think ________ will ________.
What I already know about ____ helps me
predict that __________.
Because _____, I predict that ___.
If _____ had____, then____would have
____________.
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In my opinion, There is no doubt that, I
question whether, I believe, From my point of view, I (dis)agree, It is my
belief that, It seems to me that, I maintain that
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Give and support opinions
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(I think) __________ is
___________because_________.
(I like) ________ because __________.
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First, Furthermore, Besides, Further,
Second, In addition, Next, Again, Third, Also, Moreover, Similarly, Finally,
Last, again, first, moreover, also, further, next, and furthermore, nor, and
then, in addition, secondly, besides, last, thirdly, equally, important,
lastly, too, finally, likewise
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Cause and effect
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The _________ had ___________ so _______.
Due to the fact that ___________,
________decided to _________.
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Since, Caused by, In effect, Because of,
This results in, Brought about, Due to, Consequently, Made possible, For this
reason, Accordingly, As might be expected,
Therefore, As a result of, Give rise to,
If…then, Leads to, Was responsible for
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Draw conclusions
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The ____________ is ______________
because________________________
She/He feels _____________ because
________.
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For the reasons above, To sum up, In
short, In brief, As you can see, To be
sure, Undoubtedly, In any event, As I have noted, Without a doubt, In
conclusion, In any case, In other words, In summation, Obviously, Concluding,
On the whole, Unquestionably, Summarizing
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Compare
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This __________ is similar to
_______because both ____________________.
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in like manner, likewise, similarly, as
well as, compared to, in the same way,
have in common, all are
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Contrast
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This _____________ is different from
_________ because one has _________ and the
other doesn’t_________.
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after all, for all that, on the other hand,
although, this may be true, however, on the
contrary, and yet, in contrast to this, still,
at the same time, nevertheless, yet,
but notwithstanding, as opposed to,
conversely, even though, rather than, in spite of
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Sequence
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We saw that first, __________, then,
_________
and at the end, ______________.
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Again, first, moreover, also, further,
next,
and furthermore, nor, and then, in
addition, secondly, besides, last, thirdly, equally important, lastly, too, finally, likewise,
after a few days, immediately, meanwhile,
afterward, in the meantime, soon, at length
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Measure
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A __ is__ cm. long,__ cm. wide and ___cm.
tall.
This ____ holds a volume of
____ ml.
Before we ____, the liquid_____, but now it
________.
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Approximately, About, Roughly, estimate
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Construct charts, tables and graphs
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Plot _________ and ___________.
Plot __________ as ____________.
Graph the independent variable ________ as
a
function of _______________.
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Plot, graph, function, variable, direction,
quadrant, coordinate, plane, slope,
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Distinguish fact from opinion
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Although you say ______________, the table
says that ____________________.
The word _____ is evidence that ___ is a(n)
_______.
This is a(n) ________because we can/cannot
prove ___________.
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Although, As opposed to, whether or not, on
the contrary, in spite of
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Summarize
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The main idea from this observation is that
____________________________.
In short __________, but actually ________.
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as has been noted, in other words, indeed,
as I have said, in short, on the whole,
for example, in sum, to be sure, for
instance, in brief, to sum up, in fact, in any event
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Identify relationships
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This ________is necessary for ___________
because it _______________________.
Both ______and ______ could be classified
as ______.
The reason _____ goes with _______ is
because __________.
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Since, Caused by, In effect, Because of,
This results in, Brought about, Due to,
Consequently, Made possible, For this reason, Accordingly, As might be
expected,
Therefore, As a result of, Give rise to,
If…then, Leads to, Was responsible for
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 Updating...
ĉ rhonda_kaye@dpsnc.net, Jul 11, 2013, 7:27 AM
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